JAT Yugoslav Airlines @·AIRCRAFTUBE

  • Aeroput Potez 29-2 - Belgrade-Dojno, 1929 Aeroput Potez 29-2 - Belgrade-Dojno, 1929
    Aeroput Potez 29-2 - Belgrade-Dojno, 1929
  • McDonnell Douglas DC-10-30 McDonnell Douglas DC-10-30
    McDonnell Douglas DC-10-30
  • Convair 340 Convair 340
    Convair 340
  • Boeing 707-351-C - 1986 Boeing 707-351-C - 1986
    Boeing 707-351-C - 1986
  • Boeing 727 (1985) Boeing 727 (1985)
    Boeing 727 (1985)
  • ATR 72 ATR 72
    ATR 72
  • Airbus A319 Airbus A319
    Airbus A319
  • BAC One-Eleven (1989) BAC One-Eleven (1989)
    BAC One-Eleven (1989)
  • Boeing 727-2H9 (1995) Boeing 727-2H9 (1995)
    Boeing 727-2H9 (1995)
  • Sud Aviation SE-210 Caravelle VI-N - 1973 Sud Aviation SE-210 Caravelle VI-N - 1973
    Sud Aviation SE-210 Caravelle VI-N - 1973
  • ATR-72-201 ATR-72-201
    ATR-72-201
  • Boeing 737-300 (2002) Boeing 737-300 (2002)
    Boeing 737-300 (2002)
  • McDonnell Douglas DC-10-30 - 2003 McDonnell Douglas DC-10-30 - 2003
    McDonnell Douglas DC-10-30 - 2003
  • Aeroput MMS-3 (made in Aeroput workshops in Zemun, in 1935 Aeroput MMS-3 (made in Aeroput workshops in Zemun, in 1935
    Aeroput MMS-3 (made in Aeroput workshops in Zemun, in 1935
  • Boeing 737-300 - 1988 Boeing 737-300 - 1988
    Boeing 737-300 - 1988
  • McDonnell Douglas DC-9 (1985) McDonnell Douglas DC-9 (1985)
    McDonnell Douglas DC-9 (1985)
  • Boeing 707-351C (1984) Boeing 707-351C (1984)
    Boeing 707-351C (1984)
  • SE-210 Caravelle - Belgrade Airport - 1960s SE-210 Caravelle - Belgrade Airport - 1960s
    SE-210 Caravelle - Belgrade Airport - 1960s

Jat Airways

Jat Airways was the national flag carrier and largest airline of Serbia, and formerly Yugoslavia. Originally founded in 1927 as Aeroput, the airline ceased operations during World War II. After resuming flights in 1947, the airline was renamed JAT Jugoslovenski Aerotransport on 1 April 1947. The airline was renamed again in 2003. Jat Airways and their predecessors were one of the oldest airlines still in operation. Flight operations were based at Belgrade Nikola Tesla Airport, and the airline operated scheduled services to 72 international destinations, outside the areas formerly part of Yugoslavia, as well as charters and wet leases. Jat Airways was owned by the government of Serbia and had 1,250 employees.

On 1 August 2013, the Government of Serbia and Etihad Airways entered into an agreement which saw the operations of Jat Airways reorganized and rebranded into Air Serbia after the transitional period ended. Certain assets, such as the ATR 72 aircraft will be transitioned to Air Serbia while other assets (such as the 737-300s) will remain in JAT Airways branding until retired. The change had marked the end of 66 years of the JAT brand.

History

Aeroput

JAT traces its heritage back to 1927 when Aeroput, the first civil airline in Yugoslavia was founded. Their first international flight was in 1929 between Belgrade and Graz. In 1937, the expansion of international routes and an increase in passenger numbers enabled Aeroput to acquire the Lockheed Model 10 Electra. Aeroput continued to operate until the start of World War II. Jat Yugoslav Airlines was launched on 1 April 1947, and formally replaced Aeroput in 1948. the name was changed to JAT - Jugoslovenski Aerotransport (Yugoslavian Air Transport), then to JAT Yugoslav Airlines and finally to Jat Airways on 8 August 2003.

JAT - Yugoslav Airlines

In 1946, it was apparent that the Yugoslav Air Force could not be involved in the nation's post-war build-up of civil aviation. Consequently, preparations were made for the formation of an air transport company. Three Douglas C-47 Skytrain and three Junkers Ju 52 were converted to carry passengers. The airline was officially renamed to JAT - Jugoslovenski aerotransport on 1 April 1947.

In 1949, Yugoslavia was faced with a dire international position: isolated both by the West and the East. This caused further rationing of fuel, difficulties in procuring spare parts and the cancellation of all flights to Eastern European destinations. JAT was forced to survive on six domestic lines. When Yugoslavia turned to the West, an agreement was made with Swissair to open the Belgrade-Zürich route, which was inaugurated on 24 August 1949. Company stagnation marked operations in 1949, because the traffic volume was well below fleet potentials and transport needs in the country. However, 1954 was in many ways a turning point. Convair CV-340 and Convair CV-440 Metropolitan aircraft were purchased for short-haul and medium-haul routes, after which the Douglas DC-3 was used only on domestic routes. Multiple international and domestic routes were opened soon after. In 1957, six Ilyushin Il-14M aircraft were purchased. JAT purchased several Douglas DC-6B for long-haul routes in 1959.

Jet age

In 1963, the first Sud Aviation Caravelle joined the JAT fleet. In 1969, the first McDonnell Douglas DC-9-32 (of 16) arrived, followed in 1974 by the first two (of nine) Boeing 727-200s.

1970s

Long-haul routes to North America, Australia and the Far East were flown by Boeing 707s, introduced in 1970.

In 1975 Belgrade was connected with Karachi , Singapore and Sydney. Same year three brand new Boeing 727 were introduced. In 1976 fleet consisted of 4 Boeing 707 , 13 McDonnell Douglas DC-9 ,3 Boeing 727 ,5 Caravelle and one Convair.

In 1976, 2 more Boeing 727 coming into fleet, numbering 5 all together. Same year, Belgrade was connected with New York, Malta, Baghdad , Kuwait City and Damascus. All Caravelles withdrawn from fleet. While line to Karachi was terminated. That year Jat have had almost three million passengers.

In 1977, new routes to Madrid and Lyon were introduced.

In 1978, a wide body McDonnell Douglas DC-10-30 (which was chosen over the Boeing 747-200) was purchased to succeed the Boeing 707s on longer-haul routes, although the 707s remained in service into the 1980s on ad hoc charters and as scheduled-flight replacement aircraft. The purchase of a DC-10-30 was followed several years later by the purchase of a medium-range aircraft. Same year new route to Beijing was added.

In 1979 Jat carried almost 4 million passengers.

1980s

In 1980 route Belgrade - Chicago was established. Two more brand new Boeing 727 were added to the fleet.

In 1981, Cleveland was added as stopover on route Belgrade - Chicago. The same year the Jat fleet counted 28 planes 2 DC-10 , 13 DC-9, 4 Boeing 707 and 9 Boeing 727.

In 1983, Jat introduced new routes to Alger and Thessaloniki and ceasing route to Beijing.

In 1984, Belgrade - Toronto route was established. Jat was official carrier and sponsor of 1984 Winter Olympics.

In 1985, JAT was the first European airline to purchase Boeing 737-300s. During those years, the company carried five million passengers annually and served 80 destinations on five continents (19 domestic, 45 medium haul and 16 long haul routes). JAT also constructed a large hangar to accommodate wide-body aircraft and a jet-engine test stand at their Belgrade hub. Same year Bombay and Calcutta were connected with Belgrade.

In 1987, Belgrade was connected with Melbourne, Perth, Montreal, Los Angeles, Hong Kong etc. Profit that year was 205 million $.

1990s

In 1992, the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia broke apart resulting in the Yugoslav Wars. JAT was forced to stop all domestic services. The United Nations imposed sanctions on 20 May 1992 against Yugoslavia. For the first time since World War II, international transport was forcibly terminated in Yugoslavia. This was preceded by the decisions of Germany and Italy to interrupt any traffic with Yugoslavia: on 21 December 1991 - Germany (the largest market for JAT in Europe, with seven flights daily and 40 million German marks gross annual profit), followed by Italy on 10 January 1992. The US introduced an embargo on air traffic with Yugoslavia on 2 May 1992: the last JAT flights to the United States were to Chicago and New York. JAT management decided to re-route North American long-range flights to Canada. However, Canada quickly followed and banned all JAT flights entering the country, terminating all JAT operations across the North Atlantic.

During that time, JAT operated only domestic services between Belgrade, Podgorica, Tivat, Niš, Priština and - for a very short time - Užice-Ponikve Airport. In 1994, JAT resumed some of their international services. In 1998, JAT ordered 8 Airbus A319. This was seen as a political stunt by the president. The original delivery date was June 2000 but this date has been postponed until a total of $23.5 million is paid off to Airbus while Jat is hoping to divert the deal to another airline. Soon after all flights were canceled as Europe introduced a new ban and FR Yugoslavia was bombed for 78 days.

In April 2000, director general Žika Petrović was gunned down in front of his home in Belgrade.

New millennium

International sanctions were lifted in 2000, and JAT resumed regular flight services. To celebrate the move that coincided with the country restructuring from FR Yugoslavia to Serbia and Montenegro, JAT Yugoslav Airlines changed their name to Jat Airways on 8 August 2003. Jat sold its last DC-10-30 on 24 June 2005 to France-based company TAT Industries. During 2005, the company also phased out all remaining Boeing 727s and DC-9s. The last airworthy DC-9-32 was leased to the United Arab Emirates company Eastern SkyJets.

By then, Jat Airways was not a member of any alliances or partnerships but did code share on some routes with Adria Airways, Aeroflot, Air France, Alitalia, Austrian Airlines, B&H Airlines, KLM, LOT Polish Airlines and TAROM.

Jat Airways introduced their online booking system in September 2006 and electronic tickets in April 2007. Jat Airways celebrated 80 years of service on 17 June 2007. In 2007 and 2008 the airline received an award as one of the five best brands from Serbia. They also received an award for their television advertisements celebrating 80 years of service. On 3 July 2008 the Jat Airways reestablished air links with Croatia after a 17-year absence.

In 2012, Jat celebrated their 85th birthday and began refurbishing their cabins in both business and economy class, at the same time introducing a new frequent flyer program.

Privatization attempts

The government of Serbia has made two unsuccessful attempts to privatize Jat Airways, in 2008 and 2011.

On 16 January 2008, the government of Serbia announced they would sell a 51% stake in the airline. The starting price for the airline's 51% share was 51 million euros, decreased from the earlier announced 150 million in order to increase interest. The tender was canceled after no company had submitted an offer following the deadline.

In 2011, the Serbian government announced that they would create a successor to Jat Airways with a strategic partner. The new airline would assume all of Jat's healthy assets, codeshare agreements, aircraft and airport slots. Baltic Aviation Systems was the only company to purchase the tender documentation but decided not to pursue the partnership further. The tender was again canceled due to a lack of interested buyers.

Air Serbia

Air Serbia draws its heritage, including the airline code JU, from flag carriers of former Yugoslavia: Aeroput was established in Belgrade in 1927, and was replaced by Jugoslovenski Aerotransport (JAT) in 1948 as the national airline of the Socialist Yugoslavia.

On 1 August 2013, Jat Airways and Etihad Airways entered into an agreement of strategic partnership. Under the agreement, Etihad acquired a 49% stake in Jat Airways and management rights for a period of five years. The Republic of Serbia would retain the remaining 51% and hold five of nine monitoring committee seats in the company. Jat Airways was reorganized and renamed Air Serbia in October 2013 and launched its inaugural flight under its new name on 26 October 2013, from Belgrade to Abu Dhabi.

Air Serbia's logo is a stylized double-headed eagle inspired by the Serbian coat-of-arms. The airline's branding was based on work undertaken by Tamara Maksimović, a 25-year-old graphic designer from Novi Sad.

Serbian tennis player Novak Đoković gave his name to the first Airbus A319, and will be part of the series titled Living legends of Serbia which will appear on the new fleet of the airline. Serbian professional basketball player Vlade Divac gave his name to the first Airbus A320.

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